What Is a Whole Lung Lavage (WLL)?
Whole lung lavage (WLL), also sometimes called lung washing, is a procedure that uses warm, sterile salt water (saline) to gently 'wash' one lung at a time and remove excess material from the air sacs of the lung. Removing this material can improve oxygen levels, reduce symptoms and help the lungs work better.
What to Expect When You Have a Whole Lung Lavage?
Knowing what to expect can help you feel more prepared for your WLL and make it easier to talk with your healthcare provider about any questions or concerns. Although the procedure may vary slightly from one treatment center to another, most whole lung lavage procedures follow these general steps:
What Happens After a Whole Lung Lavage?
It is normal to feel tired, have a mild sore throat from the breathing tube or experience some coughing after the procedure. Your healthcare team will monitor your oxygen levels and breathing as you recover.
Most people stay in the hospital for at least one night, although the length of stay varies based on your overall health, how you recover from the procedure and the recommendations of the treatment center. Many people benefit from having a family member, friend or caregiver available to help with transportation and provide support after discharge. Your healthcare team will give you specific instructions about returning to normal activities and any follow-up care that may be needed.
Usually, one lung is washed at a time, and you may need to wait days or several weeks before treating the second lung, if needed. The timing of treatment is based on your symptoms, recovery and your healthcare provider's recommendations.
What Conditions May Be Treated by Whole Lung Lavage?
This procedure is primarily used to treat pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP), particularly autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, also called autoimmune PAP or aPAP, the most common form of the disease. WLL may also be used for other rare conditions including pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis, certain occupational lung diseases caused by dust exposure and some rare disorders that result in material accumulating inside the lungs.
Some people may need additional WLL procedures in the future if symptoms return or excess material builds up in the lungs again. Your healthcare provider will monitor your condition and recommend additional treatment if needed.
What Are the Risks of Whole Lung Lavage?
Whole lung lavage (WLL) is generally considered a safe procedure when performed by an experienced team at a specialty center. However, as with any procedure that requires anesthesia and treatment of the lungs, there are some risks.
- Low oxygen levels (hypoxemia) during or after the procedure
- Sore throat and temporary discomfort from the breathing tube and procedure
- Fever following the procedure
- Wheezing or short-term breathing problems
- Pneumonia or other lung infections
- Fluid leakage into the other lung or surrounding areas
- Pleural effusion (fluid buildup around the lung)
- Risks related to general anesthesia, such as reactions to medications or breathing complications
- Pneumothorax (collapsed lung), which is uncommon
Promotional support of this educational content is sponsored by Savara.
Page last updated: November 3, 2026
